Drawing apparatus



2 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

D. K. WADE.

DRAWING APPARATUS.

No. 398,865. Patented Mar. 5.188,9.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2. D. K. WADE.

DRAWING APPARATUS.

vl/LGOOQO E UNiTEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID K. XYAUE, OF MCPHERSON, KANSAS.

eRAwlNG APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,865, dated March 5,1889.

Application filed September l, 1888. Serial No. 284,342. (No model.)

To all whom it may colte/171:

Be itI known that l, Davie K. WADE, a citi- Zen of the United lStates,residing at McPherson, in the county of McPherson and Stat-cof Kansas,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drawing Apparatus, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a drawing apparatus adapted to accuratelyrepresent upon ilat surfaces views of landscapes, building, audof thetelescope is altered. The out end of the shaft is provided with athumb-wheel to is pivotcd to an intermediatepoint of the revotherobjects remote from the observer, the i 'ranged directly in rear of thercvoluble dimensions and proportions ot'avliieh are dit'- cult toobtain. v

The invention consists in a certain novel construction and combinationof devices, fully oluble standard, and the outer end` of this arm isconnected to the telescope by the rod or wire ll, which maintains thesaid arm parallel with the telescope at all times.

K represents a small vertical shaft arstandard; and it consists of thespindle L, provided near its upper end with the vertically-adjustablecollar l, having a set-screw,

set forth hereinafter in connection withthe accompanying drawings, andpointed out in the appended claims.

speeiicall y In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective 1 View' of adrawing apparatus embodying my improvements arranged in the opera-tiveposition. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, partly in section. Fig. 3is a detail vertical sectional View of the upper end of the revolublestandard, taken transversely to show the means for operating thetelescope.

Fig. is a side view y of the device adjusted to copy or enlarge Fig. 5is an enlarged longitudinal pictures.

of the tubular arm and pencilsectional view bar. Fig. 6 is same. shaft.

m, and the sleeve or barrel L', mounted on the said spindle and providedwith a peripheral slot, m', near its lower end, which embraces theadjustable collar. It will be understood that by altering the positionof the adjustable collar the said shaft may be extended or contracted atwill, and the upper portion thereof-namely, the sleeve or barrel L-isrevoluble. f

N represents a tubular arm, which is pivoted at its inner end to theupper end of the vertical shaft Kmnamely, to the tubular upper portion,L', thereofand is connected near its outer end to the extremity of theswingan enlarged side view of the Fig. T is a detail view of thevertical ing arm G by means of the short linlmt. This tubular arm ispivoted to the shaft so as to swing vertically, and is provided adjacentto Referring by letter lo the drawings, A desy ignates the base of theimproved drawing apparatus, to which, at one end, attached the verticaldrawing board or plane E, on which is adapted to be placed the paper toreceive vthe representation, and C designates a vertical revolublestandard mounted on the base near the other end, in thebifurcated orforked upper end of which is swiveled the telescope D. A block, d, ispivoted in the bifurcated or forked end of the standard, and is providedwith an aperture, d', in which fits the telescope, and the same isclamped therein by i i between the operator and the object to be aset-screw, d?. A transverse shaft, E, is

mounted in the upperend of the shaft C unj der the telescope, and isprovided with a S its inner end with a slotted or hollow offset, O,which embraces the vertical standard and allows the tubular arm to swingfreely with the hollow portion of the shaft K.

The pencil-bar P is mounted in the tubular arm and projects beyond theouter end of the latter, and is provided with a retractin g-sprin g, p,which is adapted to normally hold the bar drawn away from the drawingboard or plane.

The operation of the device is as follows: Having secured the paper toreceive the representation on the drawing board or plane, and havingarranged the said board or plane represented, the telescope is directedsuccessively toward the various salient points of the object, and aseach point is sighted the pencil-bar is extended and a dot or mark ismade on the paper. In this way the outline and IOO other points ofimportance are indicated on the paper, and after the latter has beenremoved from the machine the lines may be readily filled in by theoperator. 5 The obj ect in pivoting the tubular arm out of alignmentwith the telescope is as follows: If the drawing-board or. the surfaceon which the drawing is being made is concavely curved and concentricwith the pivot of the telescope 1o the end of the pencil-bar would beequidistant from the board at all times, and therefore if the tubulararm. were pivoted in alignment with the telescope an accurate drawingwould be produced; but when the drawing is made on a plane or flatsurface it will be obvious that as the telescope is swung around itscenter the end of the pencil-bar will approach or recede from thesurface, and in no two positions will it be at the same distance zotherefrom. It will be obvious that this change of distance willmaterially affect the accuracy of the drawings produced'as, for eX'-ample7 suppose two points, a b, to be made on the drawing-paper, Fig. 1,respectively on opposite sides of the vertical standard, the said pointsbeing in the same horizontal plane and made without altering thevertical adjust# ment of the telescope. Now suppose it is desired tomake a point in the same plane 3o intermediatev between the said pointsa b; therefere the end of the telescope swings around lin the samehorizontal plane as before and the end of the pencil-bar swingsaroundinrthe samehorizontal plane as before; but when the saidpencil-bar is extended to make the point it reaches the plane of thedrawing-board sooner (that is, with less eXtension) than when the pointsa l) were made, and consequently the point c will'be `below the 4o planeof the said peints if the telescope is inclined upward and above theplane of the said points if the telescope is inclined downward. Now, toovercome this inaccuracy, I pivot the tubular arm out of alignment withthe telescope, and then as the end of the telescope travels in ahorizontal line (following the line of the object) the endV of thepencil-bar travels in a curved line, which is conveXed upward if thetelescope .is inclined upward,

5o and convened downward if the telescope is inclined downward. What hasbeen stated with respect to horizontal lines also holds true withrespect to vertical lines. As the end of the telescope is moved downwardin a vertical 5 5 line, (following the line of the object,) the end ofthe pencil-bar travels in a path which is YcnveXed outward,the'cen'ter'of the saidconveiity being in the horizontal plane oftheinnerv end of the tubular arm.

6 s In Fig. 4 I have shown a vertical board, R, secured to the rear endof the base, on which is adapted to be arranged a picture to bereproduced and enlarged on the other board,

and the telescope is reversed in the upper end of the standard, so thatit is directed toward the board R, and it is arranged in the pivotedblock so that its object end is close to the board R. It will be evidentthat the lines produced by the end of the pencil-bar will be much longerthan those traced by the end of the telescope.

Having thus described the construction,

operation, and advantages of my invention, I claim- 1. The combination,with the Yrevoluble standard, of the telescope swiveled at the upper endof the standard and provided with a segmental rack, F, the transverseshaft provided With a spur-wheel engaging the said rack, the tubular armpivoted at its inn-er end and connected at its outer end to thetelescope, and the pencil-bar mounted in the tubular arm, substantiallyas specified.

2. The combination, with the revoluble standard and the telescopemounted on the standard, of the pencil-bar mounted eccentrically 4withthe telescope and connected fahereto at its free end, substantially asspeci 3. The combination, with the revoluble standard and the telescopemounted thereon, of the vertical shaft arranged in rear of and adjacentto the standard, the tubular arm mounted on the shaft and connected tothe telescope, and the pencil-bar mounted in the tubular arm,substantially as specilied.

4, The combination, 'with the revoluble standard and the telescopeswiveled at the upper end of the standard, of the vertical eX- tensibleshaft arranged adjacent to andy in rear of the standard, the tubular armpivoted to the upper end of the said shaft and provided with a hollow orslotted offset embracing the standard, and the pencil-bar mounted in thetubular arm, substantially as specified.

Y 5. The combination, with the vertical revoluble standard C, of thetelescope swiveled to the upper end of the standard and provided withsuitable means, substantially as described, for operating the same,theswinging arm Gr, mounted on 'the standard and connected by a rod orwire, H, to the telescope, the tubular arm pivoted at one end to avertical shaft arranged adjacent to the standard, and connected at theother end to the swinging arm by a suitable link, and the springactuated pencil-bar mounted in the tubular arm, substantially asspecified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiiixedmy signature in presence of two witnesses. Y

DAVID K. \VADE.

lVitn csses:

J. H. SIGGERs, R. J. MARSHALL, Jr.

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